Table 2 Items of measurements
Component | Variable (Likert type 5-point Scale, 1 = Very bad; 5 = Very good) | References | |
|---|---|---|---|
Operational innovation | Process improvement | continuous innovation in core processes (PI1) | Barki et al. (2007) [25], Lee et al. (2011) [8], Staples et al. (2002) [24] |
innovation to reduce cost (PI2) | |||
effectiveness of processes (PI3) | |||
innovative solutions (PI4) | |||
Medical IT systems | convenient to access information (IT1) | ||
new technological innovation (IT2) | |||
well-informed guide material (IT3) | |||
Quality management (QM) practices | Quality improvement | emphasis of quality management (QM1) | Dey et al. (2007) [28], Lee et al. (2013) [2], NIST (2010) [27]. |
consistency of order fulfillment (QM2), | |||
resolution of problems and complaints (QM3) | |||
Safety practices | safety as a top priority (SP1) | ||
a clean environment (SP2) | |||
hospital structure designed to avoid disturbing the patient moves (SP3) | |||
alleviating probable risk mechanisms (SP4) | |||
Organizational performance | overall, good performance (OP1) | ||
high quality of care service (OP2) | |||
higher morale (OP3), | |||
liking the hospital (OP4) | |||